據(jù)海上能源4月21日?qǐng)?bào)道，澳大利亞石油生產(chǎn)和勘探協(xié)會(huì)(APPEA)支持氣候變化管理局（CCA）對(duì)碳捕集技術(shù)的關(guān)注，此前CCA的新報(bào)告強(qiáng)調(diào)了碳捕獲利用和封存(CCUS)對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)凈零排放的重要性，并敦促對(duì)該技術(shù)提供更多支持。

APPEA最近強(qiáng)調(diào)，氣候變化管理局的一份新政策文件《減少、移除和儲(chǔ)存：碳封存在加速澳大利亞脫碳中的作用》強(qiáng)調(diào)了CCUS對(duì)澳大利亞的“重大經(jīng)濟(jì)和環(huán)境效益”。

CCA發(fā)布這份報(bào)告之前，政府間氣候變化專門委員會(huì)估計(jì)，到2050年，全球每年必須消除約60億噸二氧化碳，到2100年，每年約140億噸二氧化碳，才能有50%的機(jī)會(huì)將全球變暖控制在1.5攝氏度以下。

CCA的這份報(bào)告包含23條政策見解，作為深入研究的一部分，旨在幫助政策制定者、排放者和市場(chǎng)更好地了解如何擴(kuò)大、加速和負(fù)責(zé)任地使用封存。

CCA委托聯(lián)邦科學(xué)與工業(yè)研究組織(CSIRO)報(bào)告澳大利亞的碳封存潛力，以便能夠根據(jù)碳封存在支持日益雄心勃勃的減排目標(biāo)方面的作用向政府提出建議。

CCA與清潔能源監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)合作，共同資助CSIRO技術(shù)報(bào)告和CSIRO領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的技術(shù)研討會(huì)。該文件考慮了一系列碳封存方法，包括基于自然的解決方案。然而，正如APPEA所解釋的那樣，其強(qiáng)調(diào)“政府應(yīng)該優(yōu)先發(fā)展長(zhǎng)期地質(zhì)和礦物儲(chǔ)存技術(shù)”，主要是CCUS。

APPEA首席執(zhí)行官薩曼莎·麥卡洛克(Samantha McCulloch)表示，碳捕獲被廣泛認(rèn)為對(duì)保護(hù)環(huán)境和實(shí)現(xiàn)凈零排放至關(guān)重要，同時(shí)創(chuàng)造新的經(jīng)濟(jì)機(jī)會(huì)。油氣行業(yè)支持CCA對(duì)該技術(shù)的更大方向和支持的呼吁。

據(jù)McCulloch稱，由CSIRO、國(guó)際能源署（IEA）和政府間氣候變化專門委員會(huì)（IPCC）等機(jī)構(gòu)支持的CCUS被視為“實(shí)現(xiàn)凈零排放的關(guān)鍵”。最近的保障機(jī)制政策只會(huì)加強(qiáng)對(duì)碳捕獲的關(guān)注，以減少排放。

在最近提交的2023—2024年聯(lián)邦預(yù)算中，油氣行業(yè)呼吁制定國(guó)家CCUS規(guī)劃圖，以提供明確的政策方向，推進(jìn)碳管理中心，并促進(jìn)澳大利亞成為區(qū)域二氧化碳儲(chǔ)存的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。

McCulloch補(bǔ)充道，澳大利亞不僅有機(jī)會(huì)加速實(shí)現(xiàn)凈零排放，而且有機(jī)會(huì)創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新的行業(yè)，并利用CCUS的全球勢(shì)頭，約有300個(gè)商業(yè)項(xiàng)目正在開發(fā)中。但政府領(lǐng)導(dǎo)至關(guān)重要。

此外，CCA建議“各國(guó)政府應(yīng)探索風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分擔(dān)方法(例如CCS中心)，包括有機(jī)會(huì)共同投資于地下盆地分析，以實(shí)現(xiàn)陸上和海上的地質(zhì)封存，以及儲(chǔ)存和運(yùn)輸?shù)年P(guān)鍵基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施。

作為澳大利亞油氣勘探和生產(chǎn)行業(yè)的有效代言者，APPEA認(rèn)為，澳大利亞天然氣提供了釋放該國(guó)可再生能源潛力所需的“穩(wěn)定可調(diào)度能源”。

澳大利亞石油生產(chǎn)與勘探協(xié)會(huì)（Australian Petroleum Production&Exploration Association）認(rèn)為，天然氣行業(yè)是“提供CCUS和低碳?xì)錃獾入A梯式變革技術(shù)的關(guān)鍵”，這些技術(shù)被認(rèn)為是實(shí)現(xiàn)凈零排放的“關(guān)鍵”，不僅在能源行業(yè)，而且在幾乎沒有替代脫碳技術(shù)的難以削減的行業(yè)。

McCulloch總結(jié)道，世界各國(guó)政府正在迅速增加對(duì)CCUS的支持，美國(guó)的《通貨膨脹減少法案》(Inflation Reduction Act)改變了規(guī)則，為大規(guī)模部署該技術(shù)提供了重要的財(cái)政激勵(lì)。

郝芬 譯自 海上能源

原文如下：

Carbon capture utilisation and storage to bring ‘significant’ benefits to Australia

The Australian Petroleum Production & Exploration Association (APPEA) has thrown support behind the Climate Change Authority’s focus on carbon capture technology, after the importance of carbon capture utilisation and storage (CCUS) to reaching net-zero was highlighted in CCA’s new report, urging for more support to back the technology.

APPEA recently highlighted that a new Climate Change Authority’s policy paper, titled Reduce, remove and store: The role of carbon sequestration in accelerating Australia’s decarbonisation, underscored “the significant economic and environmental benefits” of CCUS for Australia.

The CCA released this report following estimates from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change that around 6 billion tonnes of CO2 would have to be removed per year by 2050 globally, and about 14 billion tonnes per year by 2100 for a 50 per cent chance of limiting global warming to below 1.5°C.

The Climate Change Authority’s paper contains 23 policy insights as part of a deep dive designed to help policymakers, emitters and markets better understand how sequestration can be scaled up, accelerated and used responsibly.

The CCA commissioned the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) to report on Australia’s sequestration potential to be able to base its advice to the government on the role of carbon sequestration in supporting increasingly ambitious emissions reduction targets.

The CCA partnered with the Clean Energy Regulator to co-fund the CSIRO technical report and the CSIRO-led technology workshops. The paper considers a range of carbon sequestration approaches, including nature-based solutions. However, it emphasises that the “government should prioritise the development of long-lived geological and mineral storage technologies,” primarily CCUS, as explained by APPEA.

Samantha McCulloch, APPEA Chief Executive, remarked: “Carbon capture is widely recognised as critical to protecting the environment and getting to net-zero while creating new economic opportunities. The oil and gas industry supports the CCA’s calls for greater direction and support for this technology.”

According to McCulloch, the CCUS, which is backed by authorities such as the CSIRO, the International Energy Agency (IEA) and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), is seen as “critical to reaching net-zero. The recent Safeguard Mechanism policy has only strengthened the case for a greater focus on carbon capture to reduce emissions.”

In its recent 2023-24 Federal Budget Submission, the oil and gas industry called for a national CCUS roadmap to provide clear policy direction, progress carbon management hubs and promote Australia as a regional CO2 storage leader.

“Australia has an opportunity to not only accelerate to net-zero but also create a new industry and ride the wave of global momentum for CCUS, with around 300 commercial projects in development. But government leadership is critical,” added McCulloch.

Furthermore, the Climate Change Authority recommends that “governments should explore risk-sharing approaches (e.g. CCS hubs) including opportunities to co-invest in subsurface basin analyses for geological sequestration both on and offshore, and keystone infrastructure for storage and transport.”

As the effective voice of Australia’s oil and gas exploration and production industry, APPEA believes that Australian natural gas provides “the firm dispatchable energy” required to unlock the country’s renewable energy potential.

Earlier this year, APPEA pointed out that investment in new gas supply and emissions reduction measures would put sustained downward pressure on gas prices, help deliver energy security, and fast-track the path to net-zero.

The Australian Petroleum Production & Exploration Association sees the gas industry as “pivotal to delivering step-change technologies” such as CCUS and low-carbon hydrogen, which are perceived as “critical” to achieving net-zero, not only in the energy sector but also in hard-to-abate industries where few alternative decarbonisation technologies are available.

“Governments around the world are rapidly increasing their support for CCUS, with the Inflation Reduction Act in the United States a game changer providing significant financial incentives for large-scale deployment of the technology,” concluded McCulloch.