據(jù)油氣新聞6月16日消息稱，澳大利亞已經(jīng)成為世界上最大的液化天然氣(LNG)出口國(guó)，澳大利亞的超冷凍燃料生產(chǎn)商正在考慮轉(zhuǎn)變他們的行業(yè)，成為全球氫氣的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。
周二，澳大利亞石油生產(chǎn)和勘探協(xié)會(huì)(APPEA)會(huì)議的主題會(huì)議上充斥著行業(yè)如何能夠、并且應(yīng)該迎接氣候變化的挑戰(zhàn)，并轉(zhuǎn)向無(wú)碳排放的能源生產(chǎn)。
最強(qiáng)烈的呼吁來(lái)自澳大利亞第二大石油和天然氣生產(chǎn)商桑托斯公司的董事長(zhǎng)兼APPEA會(huì)長(zhǎng)Kevin Gallagher，他在會(huì)上表示，除非該行業(yè)實(shí)現(xiàn)碳減排，否則將無(wú)法繼續(xù)開發(fā)其資源。
他在會(huì)議上表示:“通過(guò)碳捕獲和存儲(chǔ)等技術(shù)，以及利用天然氣生產(chǎn)氫氣，實(shí)現(xiàn)脫碳至關(guān)重要。”
Gallagher的呼吁并不是第一次將氫燃料轉(zhuǎn)換為澳大利亞資源行業(yè)排放的解決方案，作為全球最大的煉鋼用焦煤出口國(guó)和發(fā)電廠用動(dòng)力煤第二大出口國(guó)，鑒于其液化天然氣的主導(dǎo)地位和地位，澳大利亞是主要的碳生產(chǎn)國(guó)。
這次的不同之處在于，這個(gè)行業(yè)正在利用其最大的事件來(lái)談?wù)摳镜母淖儯⒂行У卣J(rèn)識(shí)到，如果不擁抱一個(gè)脫碳的未來(lái)，它將會(huì)消亡。
也許液化天然氣行業(yè)已經(jīng)看到了煤炭所發(fā)生的變化，并決定在不可挽回地走上同樣的道路之前采取行動(dòng)。
如果你十年前去亞洲參加一個(gè)煤炭會(huì)議，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)行業(yè)對(duì)自己的未來(lái)充滿信心，認(rèn)為自己的產(chǎn)品比替代能源更便宜、更可靠，而且氣候變化真的只是一場(chǎng)騙局。
快進(jìn)到今天，燃煤發(fā)電受到威脅，也許除了印度等國(guó)內(nèi)儲(chǔ)量巨大的國(guó)家，新礦項(xiàng)目正努力獲得批準(zhǔn)和資金，亞洲各國(guó)正在取消其燃煤建設(shè)計(jì)劃，轉(zhuǎn)而支持目前由電力存儲(chǔ)支持的更便宜的可再生能源。
澳大利亞的液化天然氣行業(yè)面臨著與煤炭行業(yè)相同的壓力，即難以獲得資本和銀行融資，股東對(duì)氣候變化政策的反對(duì)，以及在碳限制的未來(lái)長(zhǎng)期淘汰的威脅。
因此，我們有了轉(zhuǎn)向氫燃料的想法。氫燃料燃燒時(shí)不會(huì)產(chǎn)生排放，但在生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中會(huì)產(chǎn)生大量排放，這取決于生產(chǎn)方式。
生產(chǎn)氫氣的最環(huán)保方式是使用完全由可再生能源產(chǎn)生的電力為能源密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)的生產(chǎn)過(guò)程提供動(dòng)力，一些液化天然氣生產(chǎn)商，如澳大利亞最大的石油和天然氣公司伍德賽德，正在計(jì)劃這樣的項(xiàng)目，包括在塔斯馬尼亞島的一個(gè)項(xiàng)目，該項(xiàng)目主要使用水力發(fā)電。
曹海斌 摘譯自油氣新聞
原文如下：
Australia’s LNG industry sees a somewhat green hydrogen future
Having scaled the peak of becoming the world’s top exporter of liquefied natural gas (LNG), Australia’s producers of the super-chilled fuel are contemplating switching their industry around to become the global leader in hydrogen.
The keynote sessions at the Australian Petroleum Production and Exploration Association’s (APPEA) conference on Tuesday were full of how the industry can, and should, embrace the challenges of climate change and move to producing the energy that can be free of carbon emissions.
The strongest call came from Kevin Gallagher, APPEA’s chairman and chief executive of Australia’s second-biggest oil and gas producer Santos STO.AX, who told the event that unless the industry de-carbonised, it would not be able to continue to develop its resources.
“Decarbonisation, through technologies like carbon capture and storage, and hydrogen production using natural gas, is critical,” he told the conference.
Gallagher’s call isn’t the first time switching to hydrogen has been touted as a solution to the emissions created by Australia’s resources industry, which is a major carbon producer given its leading LNG role and its status as the world’s biggest exporter of coking coal used to make steel, and second-biggest in thermal coal used in power plants.
What’s different this time is the industry is using its biggest event to talk about fundamental change, and to effectively recognise that it will die out if it doesn’t embrace a decarbonised future.
Perhaps the LNG industry has seen what is happening to coal, and decided to act before it goes irretrievably down the same path.
If you went to a coal conference in Asia a decade ago you would have found an industry confident in its future, with the attitude that its product was cheaper than alternatives, reliable and that climate change was really just hocus pocus.
Fast forward to today and coal-fired generation is under threat, apart perhaps from in countries with vast domestic reserves such as India, new mines are struggling to get approvals and funding, and countries across Asia are cancelling their coal-fired building plans in favour of now cheaper renewables backed by power storage.
Australia’s LNG industry faces much of the same pressure that was brought to bear on coal, namely difficulties in accessing capital and bank financing, shareholder revolts over climate change policies and the threat of longer-term obsolescence in a carbon-constrained future.
Hence the idea of switching to hydrogen, a fuel that doesn’t produce emissions when burnt, but can produce substantial emissions in being produced, depending how it is done.
The greenest way to produce hydrogen to is power the energy-intensive production process using electricity generated entirely from renewable sources, and some LNG producers, such as Australia’s biggest oil and gas company Woodside WPL.AX are planning such ventures, including a project in the island state of Tasmania, which predominantly uses hydropower to generate electricity.
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