據烴加工網站5月21日報道 美國汽油價格強勁上漲，鼓勵煉油廠最大限度地提高汽油產量，盡管它們正與國際檢疫限制導致的飛機燃料需求疲軟作斗爭。

　　從期貨價格來看，美國原油生產汽油的銷售毛利已從年初的10美元飆升至每桶24美元以上，為2015年以來的最高水平。

　　自2006年初以來的所有幾周里，利潤率都處于84%的水平，這給煉油廠帶來了最大限度提高產量的強烈動力，盡管它們抑制了其他燃料的產量。

　　根據美國能源信息署（EIA）編制的全國汽油價格表，利潤率上升已將汽油平均零售成本推高至每加侖3美元以上，為2014年以來的最高水平。

　　上周，汽油占三大燃料（包括柴油和噴氣式飛機）總產量的63%，為2009/10年以來的最高周份額。

　　汽油庫存達2.34億桶，比疫情前2015-2019年五年平均水平高出不到1%。

　　消費僅比疫情爆發前五年的平均水平低3%，家庭訂單取消，上班旅行重新啟動，大多數企業開業。

　　消費的復蘇速度遠遠快于整個產品，上周仍下降了近6%，煉油廠的原油加工也下降了近9%。

　　高利潤率將確保煉油廠盡可能多地從生產過程中榨出汽油，即使他們繼續限制原油的開采，以避免產生不需要的噴氣燃料。

　　王磊 摘譯自 烴加工

　　原文如下：

　　U.S. refiners boost gasoline output as margins surge

　　U.S. gasoline prices are rising strongly, encouraging refineries to maximise gasoline production, even as they struggle with lacklustre demand for jet fuel due to international quarantine restrictions.

　　based on futures prices, gross margins for making gasoline from U.S. crude oil have surged to more than $24 per barrel, up from just $10 at the start of the year, and the highest level since 2015.

　　Driving the rise in prices is a much faster recovery in demand for gasoline than for other oil products as economies reopen.

　　Margins are now in the 84th percentile for all weeks since the start of 2006, giving refiners a strong incentive to maximise production, even as they hold back output of other fuels (tmsnrt.rs/33YadVh).

　　Rising margins have pushed the average retail cost of gasoline above $3 per gallon, its highest level since 2014, according to nationwide pump prices compiled by the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA).

　　Gasoline accounted for 63% of the total output of the big three fuels (including diesel and jet) last week, among the highest weekly shares since 2009/10.

　　Gasoline inventories amounted to 234 million barrels, less than 1% above the pre-epidemic five-year average for 2015-2019 (“Weekly petroleum status report”, EIA, May 19).

　　Consumption was just 3% below the pre-epidemic five-year average, with stay-at-home orders lifted, travel to work restarting and most businesses open.

　　Consumption has recovered much faster than for products as a whole, still down almost 6% last week, or refineries’ crude processing, down almost 9%.

　　High margins will ensure refiners squeeze as much gasoline out of the process as possible – even as they continue to limit crude runs to avoid producing unwanted jet fuel.

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